porous substance to clarify it. This
process occurs after fermentation.

Esters are organic compounds that
result from the interaction of acids and
alcohol. The presence of esters can cause
the fruity flavours and aromas, such as
banana, blueberry, and pear, that
intentionally or unintentionally occur in
some beers.

(such as rice, corn, maize, or wheat) used
in addition to malted barley to make a
beer. They tend to lighten the flavour of
a beer and produce alcohol.

Grainy
Gravity

Tastes like cereal or raw grain.
The weight of a liquid relative to the

Aroma or flavour reminiscent of flowers
or fruits.

weight of an equal volume of water.
Specific gravity must be checked before
and after fermentation. Used as an
indication of the amount of alcohol
present in the finished beer.

Fahrenheit
(degrees)

This is the process of producing alcohol
and carbon dioxide through the actions
of yeast on grain-based sugars.

Brewers' term for milled grains, or the
combination of milled grains to be used
in a particular brew. Derives from the
verb to grind. Also sometimes applied to
hops.

Conversion of sugars into ethyl alcohol
and carbon dioxide, through the action of
yeast.

Final specific
gravity

Specific gravity of a beer when
fermentation is complete (that is, all
fermentable sugars have been
fermented).

Dry mixture of barley malts and
adjuncts used in mashing.

Hang
Head

Lingering bitterness or harshness.
Foam that forms on top of the beer when

A process of producing a bright beer by
clearing the beer of unwanted haze or

it is poured. Head tends to indicate the
degree of carbonation, hops, and malt in

yeast, by adding ingredients such as
isinglass or gelatine.

the beer.
A mechanical device used to rapidly

An aid to clarification: a substance that
attracts particles that would otherwise
remain suspended in the brew.

reduce the temperature of the wort.
Cask holding 54 imperial gallons ( 243

The removal of designated impurities by
passing the wort through a medium,
sometimes made of diatomaceous earth (
made up of the microscopic skeletal
remains of marine animals). Yeast in
suspension is often targeted for removal.

litres ).
One of the four principal ingredients of

beer, hops are flower cones added to beer
as a bittering agent, a preservative, and
an aromatic.

Sieve-like vessel used to strain out the
petals of the hop flowers.

The process of passing beer through a
porous substance to clarify it. This
process occurs after fermentation.